NATO members aim for spending 5% of GDP on defense, with 1.5% eligible for cyber

NATO allies agreed to raise defense spending to 5% of GDP within a decade—3.5% for core defense and 1.5% for indirect investments including cybersecurity, energy, supply chain resilience, and logistics—while launching an integrated cyberdefense center in Mons. The move responds to strategic pressures from Russia and China and longstanding U.S. burden-sharing concerns, though ambiguity around standardizing civilian investment accounting and differing national commitments (e.g., Spain) may complicate implementation.