Legal barriers complicate justice for spyware victims

The article examines how plaintiffs seeking accountability for spyware abuses face a range of legal and strategic obstacles — from jurisdictional doctrines like the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act and forum non conveniens to discovery limits, information seizure, and the secrecy business model of firms like NSO Group — while highlighting recent court outcomes (Apple, Meta, Hanan Elatr) and potential alternatives such as the Alien Tort Statute and UK litigation.