Who is sending those scammy text messages about unpaid tolls?

A nationwide smishing campaign is circulating text messages claiming unpaid toll violations to coerce small payments or harvest credit card data; researchers have identified tens of thousands of malicious URLs and thousands of registered domains (many hosted via China-based providers), abuse of iMessage/RCS and burner accounts, and use of toll-related subdomain names to appear legitimate. Federal agencies (FBI, FTC, FCC) are investigating and advise recipients not to click links, report spam, and delete such messages.