Forward into 2023: Browser and O/S Security Features 

This report surveys Chrome/Chromium’s security posture and evolving threat surface, detailing renderer and V8 sandboxing, site isolation against Spectre, memory-safety efforts (e.g., MiraclePtr and exploring Rust), and user-facing protections. It highlights risks posed by powerful extensions and misuse of developer/testing flags (such as --no-sandbox and --load-extension) that can weaken defenses and be abused by malware like ChromeLoader, and recommends reducing attack surface by constraining extension trust and limiting risky runtime switches while anticipating further hardening via OS/CPU features like Control Flow Guard and CET.