Common Cyber Threats

This article offers a high-level primer on major cybersecurity threat categories and techniques—including malware types (viruses, worms, Trojans, ransomware, spyware, adware), zero-day exploits, insider threats, APTs, social engineering and phishing variants (spear phishing, whaling, vishing, smishing), DoS/DDoS, man-in-the-middle, web-based threats (XSS, drive-by downloads, browser hijacking), and SQL injection—highlighting their impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability and underscoring the need for awareness and security best practices.