What is a Cyber Attack? Types and Preventive Measures

This SecurityScorecard article offers a broad overview of modern cyber attacks—defining common attack types (malware, phishing, injection, DDoS, APTs, zero-day exploits), highlighting human and AI-driven threat trends, and summarizing major incidents (Change Healthcare ransomware, MOVEit supply‑chain breach, LastPass incidents). It outlines impacts (financial, reputational, privacy), defensive best practices (technical controls, incident response, vendor risk management), and emphasizes ongoing monitoring and security culture as keys to risk reduction.