It Takes More Than Awareness: Building a Resilient Cybersecurity Culture

## Executive summary This commentary evaluates Canada's cyber defence foundation, noting strong national-level capabilities (CSE/CCCS) but persistent operational gaps across federal, provincial and public-sector organizations; it advocates shifting from periodic compliance to continuous "Left of Boom" prevention and "Right of Boom" resilience through unified asset intelligence, real-time monitoring, workforce training, shared response playbooks, supplier accountability, and policy measures (e.g., Bill C‑8) to harden critical infrastructure and restore trust after incidents.