IAM in 2025: Identity and Access Management Best Practices

**Executive summary:** This whitepaper explains why Identity and Access Management (IAM) is critical in 2025, detailing core IAM functions (authentication, authorization, governance, monitoring), recommended best practices (passwordless authentication, just-in-time access, centralized federation, continuous risk monitoring, and least privilege), supply-chain identity risks and leaked credential intelligence, regulatory alignment, and how SecurityScorecard's MAX service supports vendor detection and remediation.