Black Hat USA day 2: Workforce challenges and the so-called cyber “skills gap”

### Executive summary: The document recaps Black Hat USA 2023, highlighting Kembe Walden's keynote about the Office of the National Cyber Director's start-up role, calls for stronger collaboration between government and the defender community, CISA's emphasis on security-by-design, and strategies to address workforce shortages by broadening talent pipelines and adapting to AI-driven risks.