Initial Access Brokers (IAB) in 2025 – From Dark Web Listings to Supply Chain Ransomware Events

DumpBrowserSecrets is a publicly available post‑exploitation tool that harvests browser‑stored secrets (saved logins, session cookies, OAuth tokens, credit cards, autofill, history, bookmarks) from major Windows browsers; it implements an App‑Bound Encryption bypass for Chromium‑based browsers by spawning a headless process and injecting a DLL to use the IElevator COM interface, and it handles DPAPI and Firefox NSS encryption models as well. The report covers the tool's components, evasion techniques (string obfuscation, API hashing, PPID/argument spoofing, Early Bird APC injection), extraction output, an attack scenario showing rapid credential/replay capability, and detection/mitigation guidance for defenders.