Intermediaries Driving Global Spyware Market Expansion

The report outlines how intermediaries—resellers, exploit brokers, and third-party contractors—are the operational backbone of the commercial spyware market, enabling governments and other buyers to acquire surveillance tools, evade export controls, and obscure supply chains; it highlights the growing attribution of zero-day exploits to commercial surveillance vendors, the challenges for transparency, and policy responses such as the Pall Mall Process while recommending vendor vetting, broker certification, and improved registries.