Cybersecurity Functions to Operationalize

Executive summary: This advisory article describes five core security functions—monitoring, incident response, vulnerability management, threat intelligence, and threat hunting—and provides practical recommendations for operationalizing them (e.g., defining KPIs, ensuring 24×7 coverage, documenting and testing incident response plans, systematic patching and validation, tailoring threat intelligence to industry risk, and maturing threat hunting). It is guidance-oriented and not an incident report or technical analysis.