C2 Servers: Command and Control Fundamentals & Risks

This document provides an overview of command-and-control (C2) servers—how attackers use them for remote control, payload delivery, data exfiltration, botnet coordination, and ransomware operations—and summarizes defensive measures and detection techniques including DPI, anomaly detection, EDR, threat intelligence integration, network segmentation, DNS filtering/sinkholing, email security, SIEM/log analysis, and proactive threat hunting.