2025 in review: winning the narrative

This EUvsDisinfo retrospective examines Russian FIMI (foreign information manipulation and interference) in 2025, highlighting a persistent narrative of military invincibility amplified by Kremlin-aligned outlets to shape perceptions and strengthen negotiating positions. The report documents coordinated disinformation campaigns targeting Moldova, Ukraine, Georgia and other regions, the rise of a disinformation-for-hire industry, exploitation of large language models, and budgetary shifts favoring propaganda, noting that many claimed Russian battlefield gains were exaggerated or debunked.