1 000 and 4 000 days of deception: Russia’s evolving information manipulation

**Executive summary:** The report documents a sophisticated Kremlin‑financed disinformation effort (the ‘Doppelganger’ campaign and ‘Operation False Façade’) that clones and typosquats Western media and government sites, amplifies content via networks of fake social accounts, rebrands Russian state content through information‑laundering, and leverages generative AI and shared infrastructure to target multiple European audiences; investigations and EU sanctions have linked the activity to Russian companies and potential intelligence ties.