Threats to the 2025 NATO Summit

The report assesses that the 2025 NATO Summit in The Hague will attract intensified threat activity, with Russian and Chinese state-aligned influence and cyber-espionage efforts, alongside increased hacktivist and cybercriminal operations. It highlights hybrid tactics—sabotage of critical infrastructure (notably submarine cables), arson, vandalism, weaponized migration, GPS interference, and coercive military signaling—aimed at undermining NATO unity amid geopolitical strains. While robust host-nation security is expected to mitigate physical risks, the report anticipates malign information campaigns, AI-generated disinformation, and opportunistic intrusions targeting NATO-affiliated entities, with Eastern European allies facing the greatest exposure.