What is a Cyber Threat? | UpGuard

### Executive Summary This document is a high-level primer on cyber threats that outlines threat actor types (nation-states, criminals, hacktivists, insiders), common attack vectors (malware, ransomware, phishing, DDoS, supply-chain attacks, zero-days, polyglot files, malvertising), emerging concerns for 2025, and recommended mitigations including NIST Cybersecurity Framework, threat intelligence, and third‑party risk management.