Pentest : types de tests d’intrusion, méthodes et mise en œuvre

This guide explains penetration testing’s objectives, benefits, and governance; details major test types (web, mobile, API, infrastructure, red/purple team, social engineering, IoT/cloud/OT); compares black-, grey-, and white-box approaches; and describes a structured workflow from scoping and reconnaissance through vulnerability analysis, exploitation, and reporting. It contrasts vulnerability scanning, pentesting, and bug bounty programs, outlines commonly used tools, and provides practical FAQs on frequency, duration, internal vs. external scopes, and post-report remediation and retesting.