Hardware Security Module Integration for Post-Quantum Key Encapsulation

**Executive Summary:** The article warns that quantum-capable attackers will enable 'harvest now, decrypt later' attacks against AI model contexts and promotes architecting a quantum-safe root of trust by using hardware-backed, post-quantum HSMs (e.g., QxHSM) and protocols (ML-KEM, ML-DSA). It outlines practical guidance for integrating HSMs with the Model Context Protocol—PKCS#11 usage, on-blade policies, audit trails, key rotation, and perfect forward secrecy—to preserve identity and integrity of AI agents and future-proof critical data flows in industries like healthcare and finance.