Fundamentals of GraphQL-specific attacks

The article outlines how GraphQL’s flexible query model introduces unique attack surfaces—excessive input size, deep query nesting, request batching, alias abuse, schema introspection, debug endpoints, and exposed GraphiQL—and contrasts these with REST. It recommends defensive controls including request and string-size limits, query depth/complexity restrictions, rate limiting, authentication/authorization for introspection, and leveraging WAAP/Wallarm policies to detect and block abusive queries.